Career Of Career Stage / Film Producer - 1262 Words

CAREER BASICS †¢ Name of career: Stage/Film Producer †¢ Career description/nature of work: Plan and coordinate multiple components of radio, television, stage, or motion picture production (â€Å"National Center,† 2017). For example, choosing scripts, directing and editing, managing writing, and organizing finances (â€Å"National Center,† 2017). †¢ Education/training: Bachelor’s Degree and several years of experience in motion picture production, television production, theater production, working as an actor, film and video editor, cinematographer, etc. (â€Å"Occupational Outlook,† 2015). No on the job training is typically provided (â€Å"Occupational Outlook,† 2015). †¢ Appropriate undergraduate major(s): Film or Cinema Studies, Writing, Acting, Journalism,†¦show more content†¦PERSONAL CAREER PROCESSING QUESTIONS Career and Personality Fit Three aspects of my personality type/natural preferences that fit well within this type of career are my strengths of Learner, Responsibility, and Input (CliftonStrengths, 2012). I feel these strengths relate to being a Producer because Responsibility reflects my commitment to doing quality work and meeting deadlines, while Learner indicates my ability to adapt and learn new techniques and skills for specific projects (CliftonStrengths, 2012). Context is a relevant strength in being a Film/Stage Producer because it helps me to understand and work well with others, and the confidence in understanding how things came to be/influenced each other help me to make good decisions (CliftonStrengths, 2012). As for workplace preferences, I would get to work autonomously without lots of supervision which I would find enjoyable (Hammer, 2004). An aspect of the type of work required in this career that would not match my personal preferences is that I would not get much private time to work on a project (Hammer, 2004). Communicating and coordinating different production components is a large part of a producer’s job. While I would get some private work time, a good portion of my day would be spent working with many people (â€Å"National Center,† 2017). Career and Personal Skills Fit Some aspects of this career in terms of tasks performed/skills requiredShow MoreRelatedVocational Area Report999 Words   |  4 Pagesof the career opportunities in the media sector and the duties and responsibilities of a chosen position. Once the career within the media sector is chosen, the author will go on to discuss the career in detail. Doing this by investigating qualifications, work experience,pay scale and the promotional and employment opportunities. Then after the author will conclude their report and draw recommendations. Brief History of the Media sector It was only 84 years ago in the 1930’s that producers becameRead More Producerscareer Paper946 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve by researching this career, I will learn more about what it’s like to be a producer. I also believe that my research will help me choose what occupation I’d like to have when I finish school. I chose this profession as the topic of my career paper because I want to learn more about it because I may be interested in going into this career. Job Description Producers have financial and administrative control over the making of movies, plays, and TV shows. Producers hire directors, principalRead MoreCharlie Chaplin : An Incredible Legacy1502 Words   |  7 PagesCharlie Chaplin was a world famous film star, director, and producer throughout the 1900s who lived an incredible life and found varying levels of success throughout his career. As one of the film pioneers, he helped to shape the film industry during the early 1900s and paved the way for other artists to follow him. While his career was filled with controversy, he remains a legend in the film industry and his works are still respected and loved by many audiences. Charlie Chaplin produced an incredibleRead More Charlie Chaplin Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pageslife both in his films and behind the camera. Charlie Chaplin is most recognized as an icon of the silent film era, often associated with his popular â€Å"Little Tramp† character; a man with a toothbrush mustache, de rby hat, bamboo cane, and a funny walk (â€Å"Biography for Charles Chaplin†). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Charles Spencer Chaplin was born in London, England, on April 16th 1889. Charlie inherited natural talents from his parents. He took to the stage to help him start a career in acting. Charlie’sRead MoreMel Brooks Essay1542 Words   |  7 PagesSeveral months later, Germany had surrendered and Brooks was promoted to corporal. He continued to serve in Germany for another four months in charge of Special Services (entertainment). Brooks completed his service at Fort Dix in New Jersey. [edit] Career He started out in show business as a stand-up comic, telling jokes and doing movie-star impressions. He found more rewarding work behind the scenes, becoming a comedy writer for television. 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Furthermore, women continue to face discrimination and bias based on stereotypes engraved in our society’s culture that manifests itself in various ways in the labor force. However, awareness of the gender bias is necessary, but not sufficientRead MoreMovie Analysis : Imitation Of Life 1567 Words   |  7 Pagestime of the creation of the first films, films have reflected the values society holds at the time of the films creati on. The film Imitation of life is no different, in two films adaptations it is easy to see the society and ideals reflected in both movies. Both of the adaptations of the films deal with similar issues, alls of which are depicted differently on screen because of the vast time difference between the two periods. In the 1934 Version of the film by Director John M. 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Before attending that lecture I only thought that a play, musical, movie, drama or any other performance only requires the producer, the director, the cast, and crews that helps out in between times. I never thought that there are lots of other significant personnel that are needed to produce a performance. Out of all of careers that we discussed in last week s discussion I am more interested

Columbine Essay - 1333 Words

Columbine The tragedy at Columbine High School is something that will be remembered and talked about for many years to come. People from across the nation have all heard about this event. But there are still a couple questions that people have. For instance who’s to blame? The kids alone, the parents for how they brought the children up, or even actually the students at Columbine? Most say that the parents are to blame, but who actually knows? In my opinion the only two people that can actually answer this question truthfully are both dead. Everyone wants answers. Did the kids have help? Who was it? Who sold them the weapons and why? Why did they do this? How could they do this? I had a class about the last question. Who could†¦show more content†¦The letter goes on to say, â€Å"You may think the horror ends with the bullet in my head, but you wouldnt be so lucky. All that I can leave you with to decipher what more extensive death is to come is ‘12Skizto.†™ You have until April 26th. Goodbye.† This is something that I’ve only read in this one place ‘12Skizto’ what could it mean? So far course they believe it had something to do with the bombs they found in the school, but who actually knows? The way they word everything is so sad. It’s sad because just by reading these pieces of the note you know they must have had so much hatred towards their parents, teachers, piers, and even the parents of their piers (Police Discover Possible Suicide Note). Another tragic event that happened out of all this is the martyr Cassie Bernalls death. This girl stood up and said, â€Å"There is a God, and you need to follow along Gods path.† And because of that simple statement that she said directly to the boys they shot her dead. What a brave little girl, giving up her life in hope that maybe just maybe the boys may stop. Unfortunately it had no effect. And now the death of Cassie Bernall will stay with everyon e as the martyr of the Littleton tragedy (A Surge of Teen Spirit). Even at six months after the horrible tragedy more tragedy is happening. October 23, 1999, the mother, Carla June Hochhalter, of Anne MarieShow MoreRelatedColumbine : Columbine High Columbine927 Words   |  4 PagesEighteen years ago on April 20, 1999, two students identified as Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold besieged Columbine High School in Colorado. Infamously known now as the Columbine Massacre, it was, at the time, â€Å" the worst school shooting in U.S. history† (Obmascik, 1999, para. 1) with 15 causalities including the perpetrators themselves. Despite occurring in a small town in Colorado, the event shook the entire country. The shooting became a national ordeal as America watched the murders being broadcast[ed]Read MoreThe Columbine Tragedy766 Words   |  3 PagesThe Columbine Tragedy The student sat at her desk on Monday morning in English class, discussing the details of the weekend with her best friend. The bell rang at 8:45 a.m. and her teacher started taking attendance. It was a new week with so many things to accomplish. The teacher finished the morning details by completing lunch count. She then asked her pupils to quit visiting, and to open their literature books and begin reading. All of a sudden a sound rings through the hall, but it is notRead MoreMovie Analysis : Bowling For Columbine3206 Words   |  13 Pagesthe audience can relate and identify. In the documentary, â€Å"Bowling for Columbine† directed by Michael Moore (2002), we as an audience follow Moore as he explores America’s violent history and whilst making us more aware of gun control in America he is also altering viewers opinions on gun control. This reading will explore the documentary conventions of interviews, montage and hand-held camera featured in Bowling For Colu mbine and question whether Michael Moore has used these conventions to subtlyRead MoreBowling For Columbine And Koyaanisqatsi879 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose of Bowling for Columbine and Koyaanisqatsi is not radically different, both directors are attempting to make an argument. In Bowling for columbine, Michael Moore is constructing an argument about the culture in some regions of the United States that are vulnerable to gun violence. To accomplish this he weaves together first person accounts from people responding to his questions on the issue and presents images that he wants the audience to connect with what they are seeing to createRead MoreThe Massacre Of The Columbine1418 Words   |  6 PagesFew things that happen in the United State can move a whole country into action, but when they do happen it will leave an impression that cannot be easily erased. This is the case with the infamous Columbine. Columbine is a name that will forever resonate in the minds of those who have lived through and survived the bloody incident that will forever change the world. It only took Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold one day and a few weeks of careful planning to strike fear into the eyes of a whole nationRead More Columbine Essay709 Words   |  3 Pages Columbine nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;With every generation, there is some sort of tragedy that can alter ones life. Through the events that occurred on April 20, 1999, people have become suspicious of anyone that displays signs of oddness, such as; withdrawal from friends, change in physical appearance, or anyone who is an outcast. On this infamous day in history, two Columbine high school students fatally shot 12 of their peers, one teacher, and wounded 24 others before they took there own livesRead MoreBowling For Columbine Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesBowling for Columbine, a film by Michael Moore tries to bring some very important points to the foreground of American culture and to some degree succeeds, however, by manipulating different things in this movie it makes it hard for me to totally agree with what he has to say. One point Mr. Moore and I do agree on is that racism, specifically against African American males is still very alive in America. Also, I agree that the media tries to find a quick and easy scapegoat toRead MoreEssay on Columbine Shooters1232 Words   |  5 PagesPsychopath: The FBI’s Analysis of the Killers Motives† The Columbine Alamac (20 April 2004) Janofsky, Michael. Year Later, Columbine Is Learning to Cope While Still Searching for Answers. New York Times (17 April 2000) Luzadder, Dan and Vaughan, Kevin. â€Å"Inside Columbine Investigation† Denver Rocky Mountain News (19 December 1999 ) This paper is going to explore what effect the labeling theory had in regards to the tragedy at Columbine High School. Were these two students labeled, to whatRead MoreAnalysis Of Bowling For Columbine1215 Words   |  5 Pagesculture is something very powerful and something to be addressed for Americans. In the documentary Bowling for Columbine, Michael Moore discusses this very issue. By traveling the the United States as well as Canada, he pieces together America’s fascination with guns and how it relates to tragedies like that of the Columbine shooting, and many others. In other words, Moore’s Bowling for Columbine is a powerful and thought provoking documentary through its use of comedic satire, emotional value, and Moore’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Bowling For Columbine1112 Words   |  5 PagesMichael Moore’s Bowling for Columbine (2002) is a documentary exploring America’s predilection for gun violence with a focus on the Columbine High School massacre of 1999. Moore investigates the background and environment where the massacre took place. Additionally, the documentary presents common public opinions and assumptions about related issues. Within the documentary, Moore uses archival footage of gun violence, pro-gun and anti-gun rallies, and news media footage – often with this being expressed

Genetically Modified Foods free essay sample

Are Genetically Modified Food Safe to Eat? In the United States 75% of the grocery stores shelves are full of food products containing one or more genetically modified ingredients. Genetic modification is the technology that allows genetic food to be created. This technology allows specific genes to insert or change in living organisms. The specific organism in which being tested can be also named genetically modified, transgenic, or genetically engineered. With these tests being done dally for new research or new ideas, these techniques were developed in between the 1960s and 1970s and allowed scientists to actually insert certain genes into the plants genome. So now knowing a little back ground of the genetics is this considered to be safe for human consumption? According to Henry I. Miller and Gregory Conko The most significant proof to Americans that in the short-term genetically modified foods are safe should be the fact that Americans have been eating them for the last the years without any evident of ill effects. We will write a custom essay sample on Genetically Modified Foods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Easton, 2012). I believe that these genetically modified foods are not harmful to humans in short-term but possibly in a long-term, this is a possibility of getting cancer from the alterations of the organisms. These foods being processed help them last longer in the consumers fridge or counter. This also speeds up the process of food of being produced for consumers and also may keep cost reduced for the manufacturer. Also another statement from Miller and Conko Six percent to eight percent of children and 1 to 2 percent of adults are allergic to one or another food allergens. So with this genetically alter in organisms can bypass some of these cases. (Easton, 2012). So by having such a modification in food i think it will be safe for human to consume genetically modified food, and give the government to further go into investigation with the research. Bibliography Easton, T. A. (2012). Taking Sides: Clashing views in science, technology, and society. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Spread of infection free essay sample

Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Viruses With the exception of newly discovered prions, viruses are the smallest agents of infectious disease. Most viruses are exceedingly small (about 20 200 nanometers in diameter) and essentially round in shape. They consist of little more than a small piece of genetic material surrounded by a thin protein coating. Some viruses are also surrounded by a thin, fatty envelope. Viruses are different from all other infectious microorganisms because they are the only group of microorganisms that cannot replicate outside of a host cell. Because viruses do not eat food instead they seize materials and energy from host cells by hijacking cellular machinery some scientists argue that they are more like complex molecules than living creatures. Viruses are known to infect nearly every type of organism on Earth. Some viruses, called bacteriophages, even infect bacteria. Bacteria Bacteria are ten to 100 times larger than viruses. We will write a custom essay sample on Spread of infection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They are typically 1 to 3 microns in length and take the shape of a sphere or rod. Most bacteria consist of a ring of DNA surrounded by cellular machinery, all contained within a fatty membrane. They acquire energy from the same essential sources as humans, including sugars, proteins, and fats. Some bacteria live and multiply in the environment while others are adapted to life within human or animal hosts. Some bacteria can double in number every fifteen minutes while others take weeks or months to multiply. Bacteria cause many types of diseases, ranging from mild skin irritation to lethal pneumonia. Parasites Parasites are part of a large group of organisms called eukaryotes. Parasites are different from bacteria or viruses because their cells share many features with human cells including a defined nucleus. Parasites are usually larger than bacteria, although some environmentally resistant forms are nearly as small. Some parasites only replicate within a host organism, but some can multiply freely in the environment. Parasites can be made of one cell, as in the case of Giardia, or many cells, as with parasitic worms. Fungi Fungi are diverse in terms of their shape, size and means of infecting humans. Fungi are eukaryotes, meaning that like parasites, their cells have a true nucleus and complex internal structures. They are most commonly found as environmentally resistant spores and molds, but can cause  disease in humans in the form of yeasts. Fungi most often cause skin infections and pneumonia. Fungal diseases are particularly dangerous to imunocompromised people, such as those suffering from AIDS. 1. 2 Identify common illnesses and infection caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Common illnesses ad infection from bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Viruses: common colds, Hepatitis, Herpes, and Rabies Bacteria: Salmonella, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea and E. coli Parasites: Malaria, Amoebic dysentery and Toxoplasmosis Fungi: Athletes foot, jock itch, and ringworm 1. 3 Describe what is meant by infection and colonisation An infection means that germs are in or on the body and make you sick, which results in signs and symptoms such as fever, pus from a wound, a high white blood cell count, or pneumonia. Germs can also be in or on the body, but not make you sick this is called colonization. People who are colonized will have no signs or symptoms they feel fine. 1. 4 Explain what is meant by systemic infection and localised infection Localized infections remain in one part of the body. Examples include a cut on the hand that gets infected with bacteria, but does not cause problems anywhere else. Localized infections can be very serious if they are internal, such as in the appendix or in the heart. Systemic infections most serious infections, however, occur when the microorganisms spread throughout the body, usually in the bloodstream. These are called systemic infections, and they include flu, malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis, plague, and most of the infectious diseases whose names are familiar. Identify poor practices that may lead to the spread of infection Poor practice that could lead to the spread of infection could be from Poor staff training, not washing hands properly, not washing them at all, poor infection control 2. 1Explain the conditions needed for the growth of micro-organisms In the correct conditions with warmth, moisture and nutrients bacteria can multiply rapidly. The human body can provide these conditions for bacteria to multiply, for example in a cut. Each bacterium splits into two up to every 20 minutes. So, after one hour a single bacterium could have reproduced to give eight bacteria. 2. 2Explain the ways an infective agent might enter the body There are many different ways that infectious organisms can potentially enter the human body. The respiratory system – The infectious organisms that cause communicable diseases such as the common cold, the flu, and pneumonia enter the body through the nose, and then start multiplying. If they’re not treated right away, they can cause additional problems. The digestive system – Some infectious organisms are found in food, such as the organisms that cause food poisoning. If the food isn’t cooked long enough or at a high enough temperature to kill these organisms, they enter the body through the digestive system and can make you sick when the body starts trying to digest the tainted food. If you suspect you have food poisoning, it’s important that you get treated right away, because some forms of food poisoning can be fatal if they’re left untreated. Penetrating through the skin – Infections organisms that cause sicknesses like tetanus and hepatitis C enter the body through the skin. Once they’ve entered the body through the skin, they start multiplying and can cause more serious problems if you don’t get treatment as soon as you start noticing symptoms. Sexual transmission – Some infections, such as the ones that cause sexually-transmitted diseases like HIV and gonorrhea, are transmitted through body fluids such as semen. Once the infected body fluid enters the body, the infection multiplies and can cause complications if it’s not treated right away. Contact with animals – if you come in contact with an animal, such as a dog that’s infected with rabies, the virus can enter your body through the skin. If you suspect you’ve contracted an infection from being around an animal, make sure you’re treated immediately. Transferred from mother to child – If a woman is pregnant, she may transfer certain infections such as Rubella, or German measles, to her child without realizing it. That’s why it’s important for children to get vaccinated against diseases such as measles, mumps and rubella. 2. 3Identify common sources of infection The source of infection is the location from which a host acquires the infection, either endogenous or exogenous. This means that a source usually can be identified in a specific place, and a specific time. A person can be a source of infection, objects, Inanimate sources and animals can be sources of infection. 2. 4Explain how infective agents can be transmitted to a person Infective agents can be transmitted to a person several ways for example, by piercing the skin and letting germs enter by inhaling it you can absorb some things through the skin through having sex with infected person injected deep into muscle, through infected needles or other sharp objects infected through contaminated IVs ingest (eat) something that has infectious germs Urinary tract infections by wiping the wrong way with soiled toilet tissue. Vaginal infections by wiping the wrong way with soiled toilet tissue 2. 5Identify key factors that will make it more likely that infection will occur An infection is more likely to occur when a person has a low immunity or is on long term antibiotic therapy. Poor hygiene when treating wounds or dealing with personal care can aid the transmission of infection. Some of the factors that make it more likely that an infection will occur include proximity to others either infected or uninfected people, dirty and/or contaminated areas, equipment or laundry, and contact with body fluids.

Mr James Corney Essay

Mr James Corney Essay Mr James Corney Essay Regular and consistent communication with customers is absolutely necessary, for any organisation wishing to function in ways that will deliver products or services to customer specification within the organisations business plan. There are various methods and procedures that might be used by organisations to communicate with customers, to identify and agree on product or service specifications. One of these methods is questionnaire surveys. Questionnaire surveys can be grouped to face to face surveys, written surveys, electronic surveys and telephone surveys. These surveys consist of questions that will identify customer expectations, needs and wants. Another method an organisation can use to communicate with customers is through advertising; this includes billboards, flyers and banners, pamphlets, television, radio, internet and bus shelters. Advertising will inform customers and potential customers about the different products and services, their utilities, cost and other requirements. Advertising helps customers in making better purchases. Advertising can also lead to direct feedback from customers, it has been seen that a lot of opinions are received by advertisers on their products and services; this helps the organisation to identify and agree on product and service requirements to meet customer expectations. Another way of advertising is through is by public relations. This is when an organisation hires people to get the message out to people, news outlets for example. Another way a business can communicate with customers is through customer service efforts. Front-line employees, such as cashiers and receptionists, represent the business. These employees will speak with customers face-to-face, over the telephone, or they may use email or written communications to respond to customer concerns. Activity 4 Sales, customer service and marketing activities might be provided by teams depending on the type of product offered and the structure of the organisation. Teams are groups of people who come together to achieve explicit goals. To identify quality and delivery standards the teams should adhere certain steps and planning processes have to be put in place. The following steps can put in place Break larger goals down into small achievable, measurable steps Enable team members to clarify the actions they need to take Define and clarify customer service goals, objectives and standards Define sales targets Identify the time frames, milestones and deadlines for completion of various objectives Identify the personnel to be involved in achieving the goals Specify the various roles of team members Identify the resources needed to achieve the objectives Identify reporting procedures and expected outcomes Let each team member know

Best Guess on the Year ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Was Written

Best Guess on the Year ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Was Written Although there is no record of when Shakespeare actually wrote Romeo and Juliet, it was first performed in 1594 or 1595. It is likely that Shakespeare wrote the play shortly before its premiere performance. But while  Romeo and Juliet  is one of Shakespeares most famous plays, the storyline is not entirely his own. So, who wrote the original Romeo and Juliet and when?   Italian Origins The origins of Romeo and Juliet are convoluted, but many people trace it back to an old Italian tale based on the lives of two lovers who tragically died for each other in Verona, Italy in 1303. Some say the lovers, although not from the Capulet and Montague families, were real people.   While this may as well be true, there is no clear record of such a tragedy occurring in Verona in 1303. Tracing it back, the year seems to be proposed by the City of Verona Tourist Site, most likely in order to boost touristic appeal.   Capulet and Montague Families The Capulet and Montague families were most likely based on the Cappelletti and Montecchi families, which did exist in Italy during the 14th century. While the term family is used, Cappelletti and Montecchi were not the names of private families but rather local political bands. In modern terms, perhaps the word clan or faction is more accurate. The Montecchi was a merchant family that competed with other families for power and influence in Verona. But there is no record of a rivalry between them and the Cappelletti. Actually, the Cappelletti family was based in Cremona. Early Text Versions of Romeo and Juliet In 1476, the Italian poet, Masuccio Salernitano, wrote a story titled Mariotto e Gianozza. The story takes place in Siena and centers around two lovers who are secretly married against the wishes of their families and end up dying for each other due to a tragic miscommunication. In 1530, Luigi da Porta published Giulietta e Romeo,  which was based on Salernitanos story. Every aspect of the plot is the same. The only differences are that Porta changed the names of the lovers and the setting location, Verona rather than Siena. Also, Porta added the ball scene in the beginning, where Giulietta and Romeo meet and has Giuletta  commit suicide by stabbing herself with a dagger rather than wasting away like in Salernitanos version. English Translations Portas Italian story was translated in 1562 by Arthur Brooke, who published the English version under the title The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet. William Painter retold the story in prose in his 1567 publication, Palace of Pleasure. It is most likely that William Shakespeare read these English versions of the story and was thus inspired to pen Romeo and Juliet.

Country Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Country Inventory - Essay Example This manuscript will reflect on Scotland, highlighting its physical, cultural, religious, cultural and political aspects. Scotland, located in the northern part of the United Kingdom, harbors nearly 800 islands. Recent statistics indicate that the nation’s population is slightly over 5.2 million people (Hallwood & MacDonald, 2009). The three regions that are distinct in the country include the Highlands, the Central Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. The Highlands is mainly a rugged barren region, with several valleys known as glens, including the Glen Mor. The area is particularly poor in forestation and typical with low population density (IBPUS, 2012). Mountain ranges such as the Grampian Mountain and the Northwest Highlands are some of the physical features present in the region. The Central Lowlands extends from coast to coast and is the most suitable place for agricultural activities. The land is relatively flat with a few hilly parts of the region. Its agricultural capa bilities render it the most populous region in Scotland(IBPUS, 2012). The region also boasts of mineral resources. Rivers Clyde, Tay and Fourth pass through the region, providing a suitable environment for agricultural practices. The third region is the Southern Uplands, located between the lowlands and the English boundary. The region consists of hilly plateaus. It is particularly barren, but the lower parts of the region encompass rich soils. The region is suitable for livestock rearing, with the availability of sheep and cattle. The Cheviot Hills are the most apparent physical features in the region(Koch, 2012). The climatic pattern is characteristically cool, wet and windy and modern culture. Modern and traditional music are a key feature of the country’s culture. The bagpipe, drum and the harp are key features of the music that have spread globally. The nation also encompasses sports as a key aspect of its culture. The nation has successfully participated in various spor t, including soccer, rugby, cricket and Olympic games at international levels. The nation’s major language is English, with a variety of dialects accents. Other significant languages include the Scots and Gaelic (Koch, 2012). A common Scottish diet may include fruits and vegetables. Mince and tatties, which comprise of ground beef and mashed potatoes, also serve as a common dish. Scotch natives use wine to celebrate special occasions, with turkey and haggis serving for Christmas. The country’s traditional dresses include the plaid and the kilt, which are worn on events such as weddings. Scotland’s tradition also boasts of diverse myths and legends, which include the Loch Ness monster and the Haggis among others (Koch, 2012). The nation’s most celebrated days include Christmas, Halloween, Valentine’s Day and Mothers’ day among others. The nation is unique in that it has two flags, each with a distinct meaning. The flags are the Rampant and th e Saltire with the Rampant representing power and aristocracy while the Saltire represents the crucifixion of Saint Andrew, a significant figure in the Scottish history.UK’s hereditary nobility caste is also evident in the Scotland culture. Political Geography Before 1832, Scotland’s authority was under rich property-owners and the minority merchants. There was a political rearrangement that year, and

The Legacy of Womens Soccer in the United States Research Paper

The Legacy of Womens Soccer in the United States - Research Paper Example In the early years of 80’s, teams of girls in colleges started playing soccer and popularized the game. It was in the year 1985 when the first national squad of women’s soccer was established. It took another ten years to launch National Women’s League for the first time and after the Women’s soccer team won the World Cup in 1999, professional women’s league was introduced in 2001. United States was late to initiate the Women’s Soccer, but as it took off there was no looking back. It had a huge participation in amateur level from the youth and a craze to be the best. This spirit made them victorious both in the World Cup and the Olympics. There was a spirit of vengeance in the team which won two World Cups. Today US dominates the rest of the world in all women’s games and the interest for women’s game grew among sports-lovers along with the media attention. The phenomenal success of women’s soccer has a story behind it1. Earlier organized soccer which is played all over the world was mostly male dominated and women were not used to participate in it, but there is some information about women’s participation which is before the organization of modern soccer. It is believed that there was participation of women in ‘mob’ games, played between neighboring villages, which was suppressed by the government. The information also reveals that in those games use of legs are the main features and they were used to be Rugby/Soccer type games. So, this suppression of women in those days must have some impact on today’s passion that is showed by women in sports of US. The topic of argument among the US officials at that time was whether women should be allowed to play a male-oriented game like soccer or not. These debates got suppressed with the phenomenal success of the women’s soccer team but it caught

Ink and Paper Communication Essay Example for Free

Ink and Paper Communication Essay People say that the art of letter writing is dead. But my idea of heaven is writing a letter to a dear friend in a far away town, a note to my cousin saying â€Å" thankyou † for the dinner we had this weekend, a fan letter to the writer whose story I read and admired. I love to write something, be it a short story, a poem, a serious article or just letters. It is so magical to gather the right words and put them together on the paper†¦ I write a couple of letters a day, and suffer from bouts of guilt, thinking I may perhaps be over burdening my friends and relatives with my written material. Letters have been very important in my life, those that I have written and received. I have treasured the ones which are very dear to me, to read them again and again reveling in the magical spell they cast on me every time unfolding something new. It was a hobby that started from my childhood, when I wrote letters to my school friends, teachers, relatives and strangers as well. I std lX, when suddenly half the nation was consumed by the passion of acting, I too was one of them. I wrote my first fan letter to the great ‘Amitabh Bachchan’ and received from him a typed reply and his autographed photograph. His letter, the special handmade greeting card, and the letters written by my friends are the most treasured possession. Recently when I revealed my letter writing habbit to my friend, I was told, †but my dear, no one writes letters anymore! Where’s the time?† Agreed! I know people who never write letters for whom its just a waste of time. How easy it is to reach for the telephone type a few digits and talk to person miles away from you†¦ no pondering over thoughts no addressing of envelopes and no waiting for response. No doubt, the telephone is more efficient and instant but I doubt whether it is, on the whole as effective as a letter. Letters have a certain power, your heartbeat ticks rhythmically with every comma and a full stop†¦ you can preserve a letter , read it study it, carry it around like a cherished possession. It is not momentary as a telephone call, quickly done and quickly forgotten. As I have grown over years, I have matured and hopefully become wiser. I have learned to think twice before dropping a letter written in a melancholic mood. I have regretted it because by the time the letter is received the gloominess is banished and then one is left anxiously thinking about the reaction at the other end. There were moments when shyness led me to writing letters. I would have never been able to make friends with strangers had I not been a keen writer. I cannot dream of calling up a writer, actor, painter whose work I admire, until and unless I know them personally. But without hesitation I write them letters of appreciation, and if my letter is welcomed, it is answered and if not, I’ve got nothing to lose. Its funny but I’ve maintained friendships solely through letters that may, I fear, break if there is a face to face encounter. So keep in touch. The pen and paper you use does not matter the voice coming from the heart does. The next time when you write a letter notice for a second the magical tune that your pen plays on your paper , the rhythm of the flow of your thoughts, like the first raindrops touching the mother earth. You feel as if you are actually sitting in front of the other person reading out thoughts, collecting thoughts, coloring them with ink and presenting them paper to loved ones†¦.. anxiously waiting for the reply†¦. Letters have their special brand of magic.

Analysis of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, and Walt Whitmans Works :: American Writers Literature Authors Essays

Analysis of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, and Walt Whitman's Works Out of all the great authors and poets we have studied this semester I have chosen the three that I personally enjoyed reading the most; Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, and Walt Whitman. These three Writers stand out above the rest for each has contributed substantially to bringing forth a newly earned respect for American Writers of Literature. Up until this point in time most literature had come from European writers. Hawthorne, Poe and Whitman brought not only great works of art to our newly formed nation, but also to the world in general. Nathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, the descendent of a long line of Puritan ancestors, including John Hathorne, a presiding magistrate in the Salem witch trials. After his father was lost at sea when he was only four, his mother became overly protective and pushed him toward more isolated pursuits. Hawthorne's childhood left him overly shy and bookish, and molded his life as a writer. Hawthorne is one of the most modern of writers who rounds off the puritan cycle in American writing Hawthorne turned to writing after his graduation from Bowdoin College. His first novel, Fanshawe, was unsuccessful and Hawthorne himself disavowed it as amateurish. However, he wrote several successful short stories, including "My Kinsman, Major Molyneaux," "Roger Malvin's Burial" and "Young Goodman Brown." However, insufficient earnings as a writer forced Hawthorne to enter a career as a Boston Custom House measurer in 1839. After three years Hawthorne was dismissed from his job with the Salem Custom House. By 1842 his writing amassed Hawthorne a sufficient income for him to marry Sophia Peabody and move to The Manse in Concord, which was at that time the center of the Transcendental movement. Hawthorne returned to Salem in 1845, where he was appointed surveyor of the Boston Custom House by President James Polk, but was dismissed from this post when Zachary Taylor became president. Hawthorne then devoted himself to his most famous novel, The Scarlet Letter. He zealously worked on th e novel with a determination he had not known before. His intense suffering infused the novel with imaginative energy, leading him to describe it as the "hell-fired story." On February 3, 1850, Hawthorne read the final pages to his wife. He wrote, "It broke her heart and sent her to bed with a grievous headache, which I look upon as a triumphant success.

Our Daily Life Essay

I have encountered so many things in life; all of them seem to be related to me. In this reflection that you’ll see is all my experience in life that is changing every day. I know I’m not a perfect person but I will share this to you (all readers) to reflect it, not just me or the person beside you. I have this persons in my mind that I want to share, first of is my cousin in my father side; his name is Nunoy â€Å"Nuno† Lapasaran. He has this kind of sickness that he will bring to himself to the future, he is a Special Child. Every day I’m at his house also my father’s house, all day I’m always playing with my other cousin. I recognized his movements every time I go there, he always wearing girl’s clothes for short he is a she. He always flirts on every guy that passes by, even our cousins there. He can also fight other if he’s in danger. This is my observation to his condition; although he is got that sickness, he adopts slowly, it is good news for us. And we are family we protect each other wherever you are, whatever you are and we never broke our bonds to each other. My next subject but the same topic is also my cousin in my mother’s side; his name is Joriz Rosimo. This little guy is really hard to play with because he always pounding us with his fist and always spitting like an ordinary special child will do. To tell you the truth I got carried away with emotion and I just spank his butt, of course he cried out loud and my Tita heard it, and I got rebuked by my Tita and my mother about what I did. For that I just endure all the punches that he will throw at me. I learned many things from it and got to used it in my life right now. To endure all the big problems that will come at me and solved it with my family. I’m not alone in this life, there my family caring, loving us every day. And this is my last reflection to myself. I realize that Every Child is Special, just love them don’t hate them, care for them not to abuse their sickness, teach them, learn from them. I hope that I delivered this reflection very well and to God be the Glory.

Psychological disorders Essay

1. Bipolar disorder This is a disorder associated with extreme mood swings. A person’s moods alternate between two opposite ends, that is to say, from extreme sadness to euphoric happiness.   Most people start developing this behavior in their late teens but are well diagnosed in the age between 25 and 40 years. The cause is not clearly known but it is thought to result from chemical (neurotransmitters) imbalance. Imbalance of norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine levels are believed to be the cause. Bipolar disorder has a genetic and environmental tie.   It can pass down through family members. However, it has to be triggered by some stress. Symptoms include behaviors revolving around mania and depression.   A sick person should be helped to find medical care especially when it threatens basic health.   Blood tests or X-rays are used to confirm the disorder. There is no cure for bipolar disorder. However, proper therapy can manage it and a sick person can go on functioning normally. Treatment is geared towards medication that stabilizes mood swings accompanied with counseling.   Medication is not very effective. Counseling is most successful especially with support from family members. Medication available for prescriptions in the market includes: lithium, valproic acid (depolcote) and Olanzine (zyprexa) among others.   They work by balancing neurotransmitters in the brain.   Some of their side effects include †¢ Lithium – increased urination, dizziness, nausea and diarrhea. †¢ Valproic acid – Drowsiness, weakness, nausea and diarrhea. †¢ Olanzapine – decreased alertness. 2. Depressive disorder This is a disorder characterized with a feeling of sadness. It can affect people of all ages but in the United States, it is five times more common in the elderly than young people (Depression facts: www.enmechizmhealth.com) The causes include a combination of genetic, biological and environmental factors.   It is triggered by abnormalities in the levels of neurotransmitters (serotin, norepinephrine and dopamine) in the brain.   Certain types of depressive disorders are hereditary.   Research has not cleared diagnosed the involved genes. Personality traits such as pessimism, difficult situations such as lose of loved ones, medical conditions e.g. stroke and substance abuse are some of the biological and environmental factors. Symptoms include sadness, crying spells, loss of interest in usual activities, weight loss, inability to sleep, fatigue, thoughts of suicide, headache, boredom and diminished ability to think or concentrate. Treatment includes psychotherapy and medication. However psychotherapy is the most effective. Medical treatment includes antidepressants and supportive care-such as psychotherapy given by psychiatrists. Ant depressants medications in the market include: Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI), Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors (MAOs). SSRIs affect levels of serotonin in the brain.Common SSRIs include fluoxetine, paroxetine and citalopram. TCAs are prescribed in severe cases of depression especially when SSRIs have failed to work. Examples of TCAs include Doxepin and mipramine. MAOs are not commonly used and examples include phenelzine and tranylcypromine. Some of the side effects associated with those medications include: dizziness, nausea, weakness and drowsness. 3. Generalized Anxiety disorder This is a disorder characterized with mild feelings of nervousness to a strong feeling of dread or fear. Symptoms include muscle tension, muscle aches and shaky feelings. It does not affect the brain. The disorder makes the ordinary doing of things difficult.   People with the disorder cannot be able to relax.   They often get fatigued. It is common in children and adolescents. It is not genetic however research is being conducted to determine that. It is mainly induced by environmental factors. Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are treatments with the former being the most effective. Medication used include: Ativan, Lipoxide and lurux. Some of the side effects of those drugs are similar to those of bipolar disorder. Obsessive compulsive disorder This disorder is characterized with obsessions or compulsions or both.   Obsessions or compulsion cause distress therefore one cannot concentrate on work or whatever is being done.   Obsessions symptoms include: recurring thoughts, impulses or images that intrude into awareness.   Compulsion symptoms include the need for repetitive physical and mental behaviors.   Example of obsessive behavior is silently repeating words while that of compulsive include behavior like checking the door to confirm whether it is really closed.   It is triggered by substance use, medication and drug abuse. The exact cause is not clear though it is linked with shortage of serotonin in the brain.It has no cure.   Treatment includes counseling, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy.   Current medication and include luvox, anafruvial and prozac. Prozac has a side effect of weakness and drowsiness. 4. Substance Abuse disorder The disorder is a result of over indulgence and dependence on addictive substance such as alcohol or narcotics. It is not genetic at all. In the United States it is very common especially with the youth. People abuse substances to get a feeling of being ‘high’. Some do that to run away from frustrations. Substance abuses affect normal functioning of the brain. It is thought that they also cause imbalance of neurotransmitters. Treatments include counseling and proper use of prescribed medicine. 5. Schizophrenia This is a chronic and disabling mental disorder.   Its symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thoughts and behaviors and disorganized speech. The cause is not clear however it is a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. Neurotransmitters imbalance trigger the condition. The neurotransmitters involved include dopamine, serotin and glutamate. it is also thought to be a disorder of the development of the brain. It has no cure but symptoms treatable. Antipsychotic medications are effective.   Examples of antipsychotic medication include: risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole and quetiapine. Olanzapine has a side effect of causing decreased alertness.  Psychotherapy is recommended and is the most effective.

Shiwasu - December

Shiwasu - December It is already December. Time flies, doesnt it? The Japanese word for December is juuni-gatsu, which literally means, twelfth month. Each month has an older Japanese name, and December is called shiwasu (Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¨ µ °). The old names are not commonly used today, but shiwasu is the one that you would hear more often than the others. It is written with kanji characters for master, teacher and to run. There are several theories for the origin of the name, shiwasu. One of them is that December is so busy that even a priest has to pray on the run. Japanese Translation Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¨ µ ° 㠁„㠁 ¤Ã£  ®Ã©â€"“㠁 «Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬ Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ â€ Ã¦Å"ˆã€‚時㠁 ®Ã£ Å¸Ã£  ¤Ã£  ®Ã£  ¯Ã¦â€" ©Ã£ â€žÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£  ­Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¦Å"ˆã  ¯Ã¦â€"‡å ­â€"通り〠Ã§â€¢ ªÃ§â€º ®Ã£  ®Ã¦Å"ˆã  ¨Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€ Ã¦â€ž Ã¥â€˜ ³Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ©â„¢ °Ã¦Å¡ ¦Ã£  §Ã£  ¯Ã£â‚¬ Ã¦Å"ˆã  ¯Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¨ µ °Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ©â„¢ °Ã¦Å¡ ¦Ã£  ®Ã¦Å"ˆã  ®Ã¥â€˜ ¼Ã£  ³Ã¥  Ã£  ¯Ã£â‚¬ Ã§  ¾Ã¥Å" ¨Ã£  §Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€šÃ£  ¾Ã£â€šÅ Ã¤ ½ ¿Ã£â€š Ã£â€šÅ'㠁 ¾Ã£ â€ºÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£ Å'〠Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¨ µ °Ã£  ¯Ã£  Ã£  ®Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã£  §Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£â€š Ã£â€šÅ Ã£  ¨Ã£â€šË†Ã£  Ã¨â‚¬ ³Ã£  «Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã¨ ¨â‚¬Ã¨â€˜â€°Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥â€¦Ë†Ã§â€Å¸Ã£â‚¬ Ã¥Æ' §Ã¤ ¾ ¶Ã£  ®Ã¦â€ž Ã¥â€˜ ³Ã£  §Ã£ â€šÃ£â€šâ€¹Ã¥ ¸ «Ã£  ¨Ã¨ µ °Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€ Ã¦ ¼ ¢Ã¥ ­â€"㠁 §Ã¦â€º ¸Ã£ â€¹Ã£â€šÅ'㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥ ¸ «Ã¨ µ °Ã£  ®Ã¨ ªÅ¾Ã¦ º Ã£  «Ã£  ¤Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¦Ã£  ¯Ã£â‚¬ Ã£ â€žÃ£  Ã£  ¤Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ®Ã£ â€žÃ£â€š Ã£â€šÅ'㠁Å'à £ â€šÃ£â€šÅ Ã£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ£ Å Ã§ µÅ'を㠁‚㠁’る㠁Ÿã‚ Ã£â‚¬ Ã£ Å Ã¥ Å Ã£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£ Å'㠁‚㠁 ¡Ã£ â€œÃ£  ¡Ã£  ®Ã¥ ® ¶Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¥ ¿â„¢Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã¨ µ °Ã£â€šÅ Ã¥â€ºÅ¾Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£ â€¹Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€ Ã£  ®Ã£ Å'〠Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¨Ë† ¬Ã§Å¡â€žÃ£  ªÃ¨ ª ¬Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥ ¿â„¢Ã£ â€"㠁„時æÅ"Ÿã  §Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€šÃ£â€šÅ Ã£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ Å'〠Ã¥â€˜ ¨Ã£â€šÅ Ã£  «Ã£ â€ºÃ£ â€¹Ã£ â€¢Ã£â€šÅ'る㠁“㠁 ¨Ã£  ªÃ£  Ã£â‚¬ Ã§â€° ©Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£  «Ã£â€šâ€ Ã£  £Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ Ã¥ â€"ã‚Šç µâ€žÃ£â€š Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£â€šË†Ã£ â€ Ã£  «Ã¥ ¿Æ'㠁Å'㠁‘㠁Ÿã â€žÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š Romaji Translation Itsunomanika, mou juuni-gatsu. Toki no tatsu nowa hayai desu ne. Juuni-gatsu wa moji doori, juuni ban me no tsuki to iu imi desu. Inreki dewa, juuni-gatsu wa shiwasu to iimasu. Inreki no tsuki no yobina wa, genzai dewa amari tsukawaremasen ga, shiwasu wa sono naka demo warito yoku mimi ni suru kotoba desu. Sensei, souryo no imi de aru shi to hashiru to iu kanji de shiwasu to yomimasu. Shiwasu no gogen ni tsuitewa, ikutsukano iware ga arimasu. Juuni-gatsu wa isogashii node, obousan de sae, okyou o ageru tameni achikochi no ie o isogashiku hashirimawaru kara, to iu no ga ippanteki na setsu desu. Isogashii jiki dewa arimasu ga, mawari ni sekasareru koto naku, monogoto ni yukkuri torikumu youni shitai mono desu. Note: The translation is not always literal. Beginners Phrases Time flies, doesnt it? Toki no tatsu no wa hayai desu ne.㠁 ¨Ã£  Ã£  ® 㠁Ÿã  ¤Ã£  ®Ã£  ¯ 㠁 ¯Ã£â€šâ€žÃ£ â€žÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£  ­Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¦â„¢â€šÃ£  ®Ã£ Å¸Ã£  ¤Ã£  ®Ã£  ¯Ã¦â€" ©Ã£ â€žÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£  ­Ã£â‚¬â€š

Electoral Votes by State for 2020

Electoral Votes by State for 2020 The number of Electoral College votes to be cast by each state was last adjusted by state population totals from the 2010 decennial census conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Results of the decennial census are also used in apportionment – the process by which the 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives is divided among the states. Here is the list of electoral votes to be cast by each state in the 2020 presidential election. Alabama - 9, unchanged. The states population increased by 332,636 or 7.5 percent to 4,779,736 in 2010.Alaska - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 83,299 or 13.3 percent to 710,231 in 2010.Arizona - 11, an increase of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 1,261,385 or 24.6 percent to 6,392,017 in 2010.Arkansas - 6, unchanged. The states population increased by 242,518 or 9.1 percent to 2,915,918 in 2010.California - 55, unchanged. The states population increased by 3,382,308 or 10 percent to 37,253,956 in 2010.Colorado - 9, unchanged. The states population increased by 727,935 or 16.9 percent to 5,029,196 in 2010.Connecticut - 7, unchanged. The states population increased by 168,532 or 4.9 percent to 3,574,097 in 2010.Delaware - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 114,334 or 14.6 percent to 897,934 in 2010.District of Columbia - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 29,664 or 5.2 percent to 601,723 in 2010.Florida - 29, an increase of 2 electoral votes. The states population increased by 2,818,932 or 17.6 percent to 18,801,310 in 2010. Georgia - 16, an increase of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 1,501,200 or 18.3 percent to 9,687,653 in 2010.Hawaii - 4, unchanged. The states population increased by 148,764 or 12.3 percent to 1,360,301 in 2010.Idaho - 4, unchanged. The states population increased by 273,629 or 21.1 percent to 1,567,582 in 2010.Illinois - 20, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 411,339 or 3.3 percent to 12,830,632 in 2010.Indiana - 11, unchanged. The states population increased by 403,317 or 6.6. percent to 6,483,802 in 2010.Iowa - 6, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 120,031 or 4.1 percent to 3,046,355 in 2010.Kansas - 6, unchanged. The states population increased by 164,700 or 6.1 percent to 2,853,118 in 2010.Kentucky - 8, unchanged. The states population increased by 297,598 or 7.4 percent to 4,339,367 in 2011.Louisiana - 8, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 64,396 or 1.4 percent t o 4,533,372 in 2010. Maine - 4, unchanged. The states population increased by 53,438 or 4.2 percent to 1,328,361 in 2010.Maryland - 10, unchanged. The states population increased by 477,066 or 9 percent to 5,773,552 in 2010.Massachusetts - 11, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 198,532 or 3.1 percent to 6,547,629 in 2010.Michigan - 16, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population fell by 54,804 or 0.6 percent to 9,883,640 in 2010.Minnesota - 10, unchanged. The states population increased by 384,446 or 7.8 percent to 5,303,925 in 2010.Mississippi - 6, unchanged. The states population increased by 122,639 or 4.3 percent to 2,967,297 in 2010.Missouri - 10, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 393,716 or 7 percent to 5,988,927 in 2010.Montana - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 87,220 or 9.7 percent to 989,415 in 2010.Nebraska - 5, unchanged. The states population increased by 115,078 or 6.7 percent to 1,826,341 in 2010. Nevada - 6, an increase of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 702,294 or 35.1 percent to 2,700,551 in 2010.New Hampshire - 4, unchanged. The states population increased by 80,684 6.5 percent to 1,316,470 in 2010.New Jersey - 14, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 377,544 or 4.5 percent to 8,791,894 in 2010.New Mexico - 5, unchanged. The states population increased by 240,133 or 13.2 percent to 2,059,179 in 2010.New York - 29, a decrease of 2 electoral votes. The states population increased by 401,645 or 2.1 percent to 19,378,102 in 2010.North Carolina - 15, unchanged. The states population increased by 1,486,170 or 18.5 percent to 9,535,483 in 2010.North Dakota - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 30,391 or 4.7 percent to 672,591 in 2010.Ohio - 18, a decrease of 2 electoral votes. The states population increased by 183,364 or 1.6 percent to 11,536,504 in 2010.Oklahoma - 7, unchanged. The states population increased by 30 0,697 or 8.7 percent to 3,751,351 in 2010. Oregon - 7, unchanged. The states population increased by 409,675 or 12 percent to 3,831,074 in 2010.Pennsylvania - 20, a decrease of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 421,325 or 3.4 percent to 12,702,379 in 2010.Rhode Island - 4, unchanged. The states population increased by 4,248 or 0.4 percent to 1,052,567 in 2010.South Carolina - 9, an increase of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 613,352 or 15.3 percent to 4,625,364 in 2010.South Dakota - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 59,336 or 7.9 percent to 814,180 in 2010.Tennessee - 11, unchanged. The states population increased by 656,822 or 11.5 percent to 6,346,105 in 2010.Texas - 38, an increase of 4 electoral votes. The states population increased by 4,293,741 or 20.6 percent to 25,145,561 in 2010.Utah - 6, an increase of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 530,716 or 23.8 percent to 2,763,885 in 2010.Vermont - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 16,9 14 or 2.8 percent to 625,741 in 2010. Virginia - 13, unchanged. The states population increased by 922,509 or 13 percent to 8,001,024 in 2010.Washington - 12, an increase of 1 electoral vote. The states population increased by 830,419 or 14.1 percent to 6,724,540 in 2010.West Virginia - 5, unchanged. The states population increased by 44,650 or 2.5 percent to 1,852,994 in 2010.Wisconsin - 10, unchanged. The states population increased by 323,311 or 6 percent to 5,686,986 in 2010.Wyoming - 3, unchanged. The states population increased by 69,844 or 14.1 percent to 563,626 in 2010. While it will not change their number of Electoral College votes, population changes in three key presidential battleground states since the 2016 election could affect their influence on the outcome of the 2020 election. The continued population boom in Florida (29 electoral votes) all but assures its long-held status as a key swing-state. Arizona (11 electoral votes) jumps onto the list of 2020 swing states, while Nevada’s (6 electoral votes) record-setting growth between 2017 and 2018 could place the state even further out of reach for President Donald Trump’s reelection campaign. How the 2020 Census Could Change the Electoral Map While it will not affect the 2020 state-by-state Electoral College vote, the results of the 2020 U.S. Census could transform the electoral map going forward. The resulting decennial reapportionment process promises to reshape the political makeup of the House of Representatives in 2022 and the Electoral College for the 2024 presidential election. Updated by Robert Longley

International Business Culture and Diversity Case Study

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Marketing Analysis Of Md Lanka Canneries Limited Marketing Essay Socio Cultural Analysis  ­Ã‚ ­Country History The Maldives is a country which is famous for is natural resources of fisheries, which is threatened by global warming and also one of the worlds poorest developing countries. The ancestors of Maldives were probably Sri Lankans and southern Indians who went there before 555 B.C.E. as the history begins Maldivians were originally Buddhists but around in the twelfth century Islam was announced as the national religion. It is a vital factor to focus since Islamic perceives different values and marketing products to Maldives will have focus on this aspect. Geographical setting- Location, Climate and Topography The Maldives is a country which consists of twenty-six coral islands, in the northern Indian Ocean, where the capital city Male. The closest neighbors are India and Sri Lanka. Due to high alkinity of the soil and poor water retention agricultural potential is limited. However, people grow vegetables, fruits and yams. The country climate is warm and tropical. Two yearly monsoons determine the seasonal changes. The northern islands are drier comparatively to the southern. The northeast monsoon lengthens from December to April by being dry and mild winds. Although the southwest monsoon extends from May to August brings heavy rains and winds. Concerning about these above stated factors are important to determine the distribution channels and how the eating patterns will change will and the effect of the monsoons since the fisheries industry will be affected. Living conditions Diet and nutrition, meat and vegetables consumption rates, typical meals, malnutrition rates and foods available The most prominent component of Maldivian food is natural fish mainly tuna. However, the different travelers from different parts of the world have been able to add new flavors of vegetables and seasonings were introduced. The Maldivian cuisine currently comprises Arabic, Indian, Sri Lanka and oriental tastes blended into a unique cuisine that represents a cookery identity of its own. Eating in male would be a different; especially the short eats known as hedika which comes in sweet, sour and spicy flavors. Rice and garudhiya (fish soup), with chilli, lemon and onion consists of the traditional meal. Sweet dishes include custard and fruits such as bananas, mangoes and papayas. During the fasting month of Ramazan watermelons are their favorites. Living conditions will be in concern when trying to seek for demand for canned fruits and vegetables and eating patterns of the Maldivians. Language- Official languages, spoken versus written languages and dialects Pronunciation and vocabulary differs between islands especially between north and south islands. Maldivians official language is Dhivehi, for business purposes they speak in English. Communicating is an important factor when trying to do business with another country. Languages and gesture observation is needed for business (Tourism Asia,n.d.). Economic Analysis There are a number of risks involved in international trade such as regulatory risks, governmental actions, risks unfavorable exchange movements etc that prevent from doing international business. A comprehensive economic analysis of Maldives will enable MD to identify future prospects and also drawbacks within Maldives. Further, it will give an insight for the past experiences of the dynamic world trade. Population Total growth rates, number of live births and birthrates The understanding of the total population will enable to understand the current demand trends. The total population is 305,027(2008) out the majority are female. The growth rate is 1.42% (2008) is comparatively high to countries like USA and India, but not in the extreme high (Index Mundi,2009). This figure helps to determine the future demand in the market. Economic statistics and activity In concern towards the total GDP is $1.716 billion (2008). A critical analysis of this factor will help to determine if Maldives economy is growing or rather moving towards recession. Hence it is also a fine tool to determine the monetary health of the Maldivians (U.S.Department of State,n.d.).Personal income per capita is $4,200 (Index Mundi,2009). The only resource that is of commercial importance is fish. According to the Nations encyclopedia there are no mineral resources in Maldives (Encyclopedia of the Nationas,2010). This indicates that it is a poor country in natural resources. This will assist the feasibility study in resources allocations and usage. Furthermore, an analysis of the transportation modes and usage rates will give an understanding to determine the distribution from the origin destination and also mode selection when preparing the marketing plan. There are taxis to travel within the main city of Maldives, Male. There are ferries and taxi boats to travel around t o visit the other island of Maldives. There are also inter island air systems; namely Maldivian Air taxi or Trans Maldivian Airways (Travelspedia,2007). In more concern towards goods transportation is shipping facilities provided. There are 29 merchant marines in total that engage in transporting goods. This contains four different fields such as total, ships by type, foreign owned and registered in other countries. In total there 5 Airports which are recognizable from air and out of which include the paved and unpaved ports. At glance at the Maldivian communication system, one of the best with latest technology and satellite systems (Rio Travels Inc,n.d.). The land telephone lines as well as the fax service and internet connections are provided even via wireless communication techniques. It also compromises of newspapers; television and radio are 3 radio broadcasting channels namely AM radio, FM radio and shortwave, also only 1 broadcasting station (Maps of World,2009). Such information will be useful to determine promotion mix in the marketing plan, because, there might be high clutter. There are also newspapers available. The Maldives national newspaper in Divehi is Afathis and the national newspaper in Divehi and English is Haveeru. In addition in Male there is the local newspaper in English namely, Evening Weekly (Newspapers24.com,2006-2010). Investment plays a critical role in the development of Maldives, where Maldives is progressively developing finance. The government of Maldives set up the FISB (Foreign Investment Services Bureau) to provide every potential manner to help and benefit investors. Banking, resource management, accounting, telecommunications, manufacturing and courier services are the key segments that foreign investment comes from to Maldives. The FISB has identified several sectors with potential of acquiring foreign investments. They are mainly the financial sector, the transport sector, information and technology, fisheries and also tourism (Maps of World,2009). Such information will assist in determining opportunities for business development. The trade exports are $113 million (2008) from fish products where the major markets are Thailand, U.K, France, Italy, Algeria and Sri Lanka. There is major imports worth of $1.276billion flowing out due to petroleum products, ships, foodstuff, intermediate and capital goods and clothing and the major suppliers are from U.A.E, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand (U.S.Department of State,n.d.). This in sequence, shoes that there might not be potential restriction for business because Sri Lanka is already currently in business with Maldives. There are not many retailers in Maldives, distributors in Maldives, since its a small country with many atolls. The national distributor is Islanders Maldives PTE LTD and the main retailers are Evince and Timepieces Duty Free. Since the business needs to operate with Maldivian employees it is important to know the labour size and unemployment rates. The labor size is 144,000 where as the unemployment rate is 14.6% (2006). Inflation, year over year has been 12.80%. This is an important indicator when setting the pricing strategies. Product MD Lanka Canneries Ltd is the planning the process of marketing canned Bitter gourd and Jak to Maldives. Relative Advantage MD Lanka Canneries Ltd has become a national icon in Sri Lanka for their distinctive unique brand of ice jam, cordial and canned vegetables and fruits. Hence, it is also the current market leader in Sri Lanka. The well established recognition is an added benefit to the product since we are entering into the state of Male in Maldives which has a relatively low competition. The company places special emphasis on the production of essences that go into the canned vegetables. Especially, their traditionally exquisite canned jak fruit, which is most popular dish among Sri Lankans. The Maldivians have a high tendency of switching brands and the younger generation has a trend towards consuming foreign products over their local products. Canned bitter gourd and jak is extremely high priced compared to other international canned vegetable competitors. A can of bitter gourd and mature jak cost of MRF 16. Compatibility In terms of compatibility, canned vegetables are a popular, existing product which has been accepted by almost all the Maldivians. There are no such cultural issues when it comes to consuming canned vegetables in Maldives. Therefore, this product will be purchased as soon as it is released to the market. Male state is a vastly populated state and their consumption of is comparatively not that low compared to Sri Lankans. Complexity We are offering them a product unlike a service which has the intangible aspect. Thus, canned vegetables are considered as a fast moving consumer good (FMCG). Hence, there are no such complexities to a well-known product such as canned vegetables. The only novelty will be the new unique range of vegetables canned which MD offers to the Maldivian market. Trialability Trialability is a definite possibility where we can make arrangements for consumers to test the flavor of particular canned vegetables prior to purchasing. This is important since the flavors are new to the Maldivian market. Observability Due to the tangible nature of the product, the consumers get the opportunity to evaluate the product in all three stages of consumption, which are pre-purchase, purchase and the post purchase stage. Implications No major issues and problems have been essentially identified through the evaluation. As mentioned above, the main issue which has the potential of hindering the growth of the products is the high level of competition. Since canned vegetables are a fast moving items consumers are very price sensitive. We will overcome the barrier of low literacy level of consumers by using both Divehi and English on the package labeling. Market Analysis Marketing trends The most widely used tools for marketing canned vegetables products are trade fairs and retail selling (H. Sinana, personal communication, March 23rd 2010). This is also a feature of overall B2B marketing (Dwyer Tanner, 2002). Trade fairs prove to be the most effective method of marketing in this industry. Retail selling is also used widely by all canned food producers, since many organizations do not have the facilities to conduct large scale advertising. Competitor products There are many competitors in the Maldivian market, and the main market player is Twin elephant its held 28% of market share and followed by Harvest at 11% and Dily food at 8% (personal word of mouth). All these brands are well known International brands which have already gained recognition and a good reputation in the particular market. Therefore, it is going to be difficult to differentiate ourselves from the competitors. Hence, marketing the product and building brand awareness is vital for the success of this product. The brand name has a huge effect on sales and therefore, it must be ensured that the MD logo and brand name is made common in the market, so that the target market can identify with the brand. The other brands hold a significant market share but the MD will stand a chance. The above mentioned brands offer a wide variety of features in their products. Especially brands such as Twin elephant have a wide variety of canned vegetables. Such as soy beans, baby corn etc. Competitor Prices and Promotions Canned vegetables providers such as Twin elephant, Harvest and Dily food are less expensive than MD Lanka Canneries Lanka Ltd products which will be MRF 14 because they cater to a slightly different market but on the other hand MD Canneries Lanka Ltd could end up being more expensive because it has to be produced in Sri Lanka and must bare all transportation and exporting costs. The price will also include some amount of tariff or tax on the product and since it is difficult for Sri Lanka to gain economies of scale, it is nearly impossible to give it at a very low price or rather lower than the local providers in Maldives. MD Canneries Lanka Ltd will be middle of the range product because other local vegetable providers will have very low prices. Maldivians are very much similar to Sri Lankans in terms of how they approach a new brand and what methods drive them into purchasing that product. The competitors too use various approaches to promote their products through print and electronic media, such as very attractive TV advertisements. References Annual Report.(2009).MD Lanka Canneries Ltd. Countries and Their Cultures.(2010).Maldivian Culture.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.everyculture.com/Ja-Ma/Maldives.html Dwyer, R. F., Tanner, J. F. (2002). Business Marketing: Connecting Strategy, Relationships and Learning .2nd edition. McGraw Hill Irwin. Encyclopedia of the Nationas.(2010).About Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Maldives.html Hello Maldives Holidays.(1998).Port Handling.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.hellomaldives.com/Services/Port_Handling/index.htm Index Mundi.(2009).Maldives GDP-real growth rate.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.indexmundi.com/maldives/gdp_real_growth_rate.html Maps of World.(2009).Maldives Communications. Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from Retrieved May28th,2010,from http://www.mapsofworld.com/maldives/information/communications.html Maps of World.(2009).Maldives Fanance and Investment.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.mapsofworld.com/maldives/economy-and-business/finance-and-investment.html MD Lanka Canneries Ltd.(2004).Company Information. Retrieved May 20th, 2010, from http://www.lankacanneries.com/index.asp My Maldives Travel Guide .(2005-2010).Maldivian-Food.Retrieved May 20th, 2010, from http://www.mymaldives.com/maldives/maldivian-food.php Newspapers24.com.(2006-2010).Maldives Newspapers.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.newspapers24.com/maldives-newspapers/index.html Rio Travels Inc.(n.d.).Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.riotravels.com/maldives.html This is Maldives.(2010).Maldives Travel Tips.Retrieved May 28th, 2010,from http://www.thisismaldives.com/maldives/travel_planner/food.htm Tourism Asia.(n.d.).Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://maldives.tourism-asia.net/language-of-maldives.html Travelspedia.(2007).Maldivian Travel Information. Retrieved June 3rd , 2010, from http://travelspedia.com/ U.S.Department of State.(n.d.).About Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5476.htm Marketing Objectives Target Market The target market is for all Maldivian who are able to consume any type of hard food. This includes children starting from the age of one year to all adults. Business objectives and expected sales Even though canned food is widely available in all supermarkets in Maldives, the two products Bitter Gourd and Mature Jak is not yet available in Maldives as they are vegetables that are really rare. Thus MD Canneries Lanka Ltd would focus on three key objectives. First is to introduce the two new vegetables to the Maldivian market secondly to create value and demand for the two products and then to capture 5-10% of the market within the first one year (year 2011). In achieving the three main objectives MD Canneries Ltd would work towards achieving the following objectives within the first one and half years, To attract all the main super markets to sell the products with a good shelf space available for the product. To rapidly increase sales and thus make the two products an everyday needed product. To build a good brand name for MD Canneries Ltd so that in the future more products could be exported to Maldives. The product is expected to be priced at LKR.1760. The amount of cans expected to be sold are 24,000 per annum. Thus the sales for the first year (year 2011) are expected to be around LKR.37, 756,800 (See Appendix 5). Market Penetration Maldives could be considered as an emerging market and although the government encourages foreign business in the country the policies are not as free as it really appears to be. So weve decided the export-based entry is the strategy by which the market can be penetrated. Indirect exporting is where the home country agents are used to get the product in to the foreign markets which will be competitively feasible. Since they understand the market conditions and etc better the company will have an added advantage and could reduce research costs. And since most of the agents maintain good relationships with retailers it would be easier to enter the markets. The company could reduce risk such investing in unnecessary markets and so on. Furthermore there is an annual fair every four years and this year it will be done in November. We hope to go there and build up our network among the four leading retailers Red wave, Agora, STO super mart and VB mart (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). The core component of the product is the canned vegetables. There is no requirement of adaptation or modification to it as it would be sent in the same manner as used in Sri Lanka with brine as a preservative. The packaging is would not change as the can would be the most appropriate to support transportation. MDs labels are done in both English and Divehi languages. Further the MD labels and packaging are already approved within Sri Lankan and international standards. No specific and unique transportation method need. The taxis could be used for the distribution process. The production, packaging and labeling would be done in the MD Canneries Ltd factory Sri Lanka. Therefore the product sent to Maldives would be a ready sell product. Advertising and Promotional Mix Advertising All advertising and promotional activities would be restricted to Male only initially as the product would be first only introduced to Male. The advantage MD has is the acceptance of its brand at Maldives as many of its Cordial and Jam products are already being exported to Maldives. Advertising methods such as Magazine, Television, Radio and Billboards and both Trade and Consumer Sales promotions are suggested to be used. Advertising objectives To create awareness the Maldivian market, of the two new vegetable products by way of emphasising the nutrition factor and the ability to be consumed by the entire family of the products. To persuade all people in Maldives to purchase it and use it as an everyday product thus increasing repeat purchase. To further generate awareness of the brand MD in-order so that in the future more Vegetable products could be exported adding to the existing portfolio exported to Male. Media Mix The indoor advertising tools intended to use are TV, Radio and Magazine. Magazine The Rasrani (Female Beauty) monthly magazine would be used to publish a full page ad every month, in order to promote the product among all the mothers and house wives in Maldives. This is selected as it directly targets at the house wives, mothers and parents who purchase food for their homes (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Television The local government TV channel Television Maldives (TVM) will be initially used for advertising a 30 second commercial. This is because Maldivians rely on the government messages a lot .The program chosen is Hendunu Hendunu(Morning Morning) program telecasted every morning from 7.15 am to 8.30 am which is targeted at females in Maldives which also have specific cookery demonstrations. Recommended is to take two programs every week Monday and Tuesday ,so that it will not clash with the Radio commercials on Wednesdays and Thursdays .This is used as it directly targets the house wife or mothers in Maldives where they would be the ones actually using the MD canned vegetable product (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Radio The radio channel Capital Radio95.6, would be used for 10 second radio commercials. The Chefs Talk morning program from 10 am to 12 pm which they have twice a week on Wednesdays and Thursdays where a chef comes on air to speak on cookery will be used to air the radio commercials of the product as it directly target the uses of the vegetable can product i.e. the females in Maldives (Asiawaves,n.d.) (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Billboards The billboards are recommended to be published close to the super markets Red Wave, Agora, STO Supermarket and VB Mart where the product is been sold in Male (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Message The message that would be sent across to the target market is the same message used in all MD advertisements in Sri Lanka To be a household brand (Annual Report, 2009). Media Schedule and Budget allocation Media Name of programme Duration/Size of Ad No. of spots per episode/programme/publication Number of time telecasted/on air/published/ per year Total spots for an year Cost per episode/programme/publication/board Total Cost per year with tax(NBT 3%, VAT 12%)(LKR) Television Maldives Capital radio Hendunu Hendunu (Morning Morning) Chefs talk 30 sec 10sec 2 per episode 2 per program 52 episodes 104 programmes 104 208 100,000 8,000 13,553,031.00 Magazine Rasrani (Female Beauty Full page 1 per magazine 12 magazines 12 Magazines 33,330 553,728.00 Bill Boards 30x15 2 Billboards 250,000 576,800.00 Sales Promotions Both sales and trade promotions would be used in-order to generate and increase sales at the introduction stage of the product in Male. Sales promotions Objectives Trade Sales Promotion To ensure the product is available in all main supermarkets in Male. To ensure the retailers would promote the product to the customers and give good shelf space. Consumer Sales Promotions To give a rapid start for the sales of the product while its at the introduction stage in Male. To ensure the first two months sales target is achieved while creating the brands awareness. To continue to achieve sales target through the brand name built during the first two months. To build the brand MD into a household everyday brand by increasing the product portfolio exported to Maldives. Sales promotion mix Trade Sales Promotions Trade Discounting A discount would be given to the retailers in bulk purchasing. This would be a 10% off on all purchase of over 1000 cans. Reward Points / Loyalty Card Reward points will be given to all retailers on the purchase of item. A point each for every 100 cans purchased would be given. Once they have accumulated 100 points, a 20% discount would be given on the next purchase of 1000 cans along with a loyalty card which could be used to get a three months credit period and many other offers that are introduced from time to time. This would be done continuously in order to keep the sales levels high at all times. Consumer Sales Promotions Special offers. A special offer is suggested to be given within the first two months for all consumers. The offer would give every purchase of a can each of the two varieties together i.e. The Mature Jak and Bitter Gourd, a free recipe book with 4special Sri Lankan recipes to prepare the two vegetables the Sri Lankan way. This would create the Sri Lankan nature of the brand MD and thus achieve MDs objectiveness of building the local brand and also increase the sales rapidly during the introduction stage of the product in Male. Strategy Price per can (LKR) (Maximum) QTY purchased to receive discount (Per time) Discount (Maximum) Total Cost(LKR) Trade Sales Promotions Trade Discount Loyalty Cards Consumer Sales Promotion Special Offer-Recipe Book 1760 1000 cans 1000 cans 2 10% 20% LKR20 worth book 38,016.00 76,032.00 271,824.00 Strategy Price per can (LKR) (Maximum) QTY purchased to receive discount (Per time) Discount (Maximum) Total Cost(LKR) Trade Sales Promotions Trade Discount Loyalty Cards Consumer Sales Promotion Special Offer-Recipe Book 1760 1000 cans 1000 cans 2 10% 20% LKR20 worth book 38,016.00 76,032.00 271,824.00 2.2.3 Sales promotion budget Distribution The canned vegetables will be transferred from Colombo harbor port to the Port of Male. Such port was selected since it is the easiest and faster way to enter Maldives and will be cleared fast and last but not least since it is very convenient for the companys distribution of goods of canned vegetables (Hello Maldives Holidays,1998).Mode of selection would be taxis since it is not much to travel within the country. Hence the start up business is intended in Male only it will be easy. But for further expansions to other allots ferries would be used. Selecting such modes would be advantages since it is reliable and cost effective. It is compulsory the packaging is written in Divehi as well as English to meet Maldivian packaging standards. The port authority of Male should receive certain documents 24hrs prior to the arrival at the Port authority for clearance at the port. Documents such as the name of the vessel, name of master and nationality, port of registry and number, type of vessel, cargo of discharge, ETA to the port, LOA/Beam/ and maximum draft, name of the local agent and Call sign. Such documents are needed to get the clearance from the port (Hello Maldives Holidays,1998). 3.1 Channels of Distribution (Micro Analysis) The channels of distribution could vary since there are wholesalers, retailers and sales representatives. There are 4 main retailers in Maldives namely; Red wave, Agora, STO super mart and VB mart. Retailers We decided to distribute our product through retailers in Male, the direct exporting method. Initially, all the transactions will be done on cash. We will briefly explain the retailers the standards associated with frozen products once the shipment is cleared from the port until it is sold to the consumer. The retailers we have selected to distribute our product are Red wave, Agora, STO super mart and VB mart. Price Determination Cost of Shipment of cans The shipping cost would be same as the shipment of other products which are transported to Maldives by MD (Jam, Cordials etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). A shipment of a standard container with 10,000 cans would be LKR 75,000(Annual Report, 2009). Transportation cost Transportation cost will be borne by the Maldivian Retailers when the goods land at Male. The transportation cost from MD Lanka Canneries to the Sri Lankan Port would be less as it would be shared with the transportation of the other goods other than the two products expected to transport (Mature Jak, Bitter Gourd) Therefore the cost portion for the transportation would be a total of LKR 12,000 per tour (transportation turn) done (Annual Report, 2009). 4.3 Handling Expenses Handling charges inclusive of pier charges, warfare fees, loading and unloading fees and all other overheads while goods are transported to the port would include LKR15, 000 per tour (Annual Report 2009). 4.4 Insurance Cost The total insurance cost per annum for transportation of the two product variables only to Maldives is LKR250, 000.The figure is not as high as transportation bottled Jam or Cordials as the risk of damage for the products are less since the packaging is done in aluminum can. 4.5 Wholesale and Retail Mark-Ups A mark-up of 90% is kept over the production cost of a can of vegetable, exported to Male. Such high mark-up is kept to cover the cost of shipping, handling, insurance and other costs. The products would directly be transported to the retailers and thus, the retailers could enjoy a markup of 12% on the whole-sale price before selling it at their super markets. 4.6 Companys Gross Margin The mark up that MD Lanka Canneries Ltd could have over each cans production cost is 15% if sold locally. This is sufficient to enjoy a profit of 10% even after covering the local marketing, advertising and promotional costs. MD Lanka Canneries Ltd could set a mark-up of 90% after marketing promotion and advertising costs on each can exported to Male ( Mark-up of 90% should cover an estimated cost of 30% for shipping, handling, insurance and other costs). Thus a net profit of 60% could be enjoyed on each can exported to Male. 4.7 Retail Pricing The retail price is kept MRF2 higher than the Twin Elephant Competitor brands price of MRF14 for a 560g can. Thus the price is MRF16(16*110=LKR1760).The price is kept higher to indicate the better quality of the product and also as MD is already one of the most recognized and trusted brands in Maldives and thus has a good demand. 4.8 Terms of Sale 4.8.1 Cash on Delivery We have chosen the payment term as cash on delivery. These terms require payment to the transportation company for the full invoice  document which shows the terms of sale. This includes a full description of the goods, sale price, charges, and discounts and of course the amount at the time of the delivery. If the buyer will refuse to accept the shipment which means that the seller will have to bear the costs of freight charges to and from the buyers location, preparation and packaging costs and possible deterioration of the product, unlike