CORPORATE MANAGEMENT & FINANCE- Assessment Element 2 Essay

CORPORATE MANAGEMENT & FINANCE- Assessment Element 2 - Essay Example Financial Position Key Financial Indicator: This part of the report includes some key financial performance indicators for the three-retail giant of UK. This three company shares almost 72% of UK retail market share. Looking at the size of the company it is very important for management to identify the key financial performance indicator for their organisation. Sales Growth This is one of the major performance indicator for most of the companies particularly companies within retail sector. These companies are serving consumers by providing their basic and luxury items. Sales growth indicates company’s current position in the market as compare to its peer group. Since UK retail market is almost an oligopoly market it can be easily evaluate the performance and efficiency of the management of these three companies. Operating Profit Operating profit is another appropriate performance measurement indicator. Since these companies are largely utilising their fixed asset and labor, it is very important for this companies to maintain their operating cost efficiently. High labour cost or operating expenses can lead to a humongous loss to any firm and its shareholders. Financial Ratio: Any investors or potential investors generally analyse the financial ratios of a company before making an investment on it as they properly indicate the current position of the company. At the same time, these financial ratios are important from manager’s point of view also to assess their performance. While creditors also look at those ratios before giving any loan to the company. Precisely speaking everybody analyse the ratios before involving with any organisation. Ratios like ROE, EPS, and Dividend Payout are the most relevant from investor’s point of view as they are specifically indicate return generate by a company using invested capital. Whereas leverage ratios, efficiency ratio, operating or net profit depending on business (in retail industry operating) are of more interest to managers. While creditors i.e. lenders are more interested to see the efficiency and cash conversion ratios of a particular firm. Accordingly the below explained ratios are very important for retail industry. Operating Profit Margin: This indicates the operating profit as a percentage of sales. OPM signifies firm’s capability of generating profit from its operating activities. Generally, higher operating profit creates some tremendous investment opportunities for both investors and lenders. Total Asset Turnover: The ratio is an appropriate indicator of the fact that how efficiently and effectively company is utilising their assets to generate revenue. This ratio is very important for a retail company as they posse’s lots of fixed assets. The higher asset turnover signifies higher asset utilisation. This ratio is a good indicator of management efficiency. Higher asset turnover implies efficient management team. Current Ratio: This ratio is very importa nt from retail industry point of view as it indicates the liquidity position of the c

Socialism and Division Between the Public and the Private Domains Essay

Socialism and Division Between the Public and the Private Domains - Essay Example Countless dilemmas surfaced initially through socialism that was later replaced by the socio economic structures in the later years. Karl Marx explains that socialism can be attained through community effort and grassroots revolution forming a free enterprise that is referred as the Dictatorship of the proletariat. Hann (1993) states that the congregation of the anthropology and socialism can exhibit numerous dividends for the society and at the same time assist in helping to understand the term socialism. When one studies the issues created by ethnographic accounts of the era post communism one comes to comprehend the significance of studying history; as it assists in emphasizing and understanding such issues that surfaced since the end of Soviet Union and communist ascendancy in Eastern Europe. Prior to the formation of socialist societies the communal apartment was a common feature of everyday life that was devoid of any seclusion forcing distinct families to live together, sharing the domestic habitat. This fact practiced by the Soviet citizens has been elaborately highlighted by Gerasimova (2002) and Buchli explaining the alterations in the configurations of the private and public residents in the Soviet history as well as the correlation of their living spaces in prevailing housing schemes. The domestic duties lay in the hands of women alone while men were submissive to more technical work whether outside or inside the house. New social guidelines eradicated the private ownership of housing schemes thus giving rise to public spheres. The revolutionary Great Retreat in the 1930 brought main transformation, when the communal hierarchy resolutely recognized the cultured way of life and changed the boundaries between the private and public life. Besides Eastern Europe the People's Republic of China, the largest country in East Asia developed itself as a socialist state in 1949 while the Republic of Cuba, a country in the Caribbean witnessed the Cuban Revolution that led to the overthrow of the Dictator government of Cuban President Fulgencio Batista on January 1, 1959 by the 26th of July movement and other revolutionary organizationsin 1959, and was declared a socialist state in 1961. Foucault (1991) observes the concept of government practices and the role of criticism; that acts as an important element to bring about a change in approach and achievements as a result. He states that governmental activities whether at present or in the past records have been altered to be more realistic and sensible over the years declaring it as an inventive and cultured objective not an instinctive one. Various phenomenons occurred in the socialist and post socialist Eastern Europe as well as the capitalist West namely the privatization, the growth of the neo liberalism or the weakening of the welfare state which were later replaced by the socio economic structures. Each member of the society from the likes of bureaucrats and elites, to that of ordinary workers, and entrepreneurs and peasants faced individual issues as a result of such powerful revolutions. As accordingly